Radiation therapy treatment process
此页面包含有关放射治疗处理过程的信息和常见问题。虽然这些信息不一定对应于个别医院采用的确切过程，但我们希望它能够提供一般背景信息和典型治疗过程的指示。
What is radiation therapy?
放射治疗是癌症治疗癌症。188棋牌捕鱼这可以以各种方式完成，具体取决于您的癌症的性质。188棋牌捕鱼最常用的方法称为外部光束疗法（来自身体外部的机器），它引导肿瘤辐射。
How does radiation therapy work?
虽然辐射影响癌症和正常细胞，但它对癌细胞产生了更大的影响。188棋牌捕鱼旨在治疗的治疗将使可能的辐射剂量最高，癌症面积（在安全限制内），以试图杀死所有癌细胞。188棋牌捕鱼有时使用较小的剂量，其中目的是减少肿瘤和/或缓解症状的大小。
Who will be looking after me?
A specialist cancer doctor is known as a radiotherapist or radiation oncologist. In this guide we will refer to him/her as an radiation oncologist. The radiation oncologist will plan and oversee your treatment, which will be carried out by radiation therapists. In addition, the team looking after you may include nurses, health care assistants, specialist nurses, counsellors and dietitians, according to your needs during your treatment.
How is the treatment planned?
放射治疗的每一个疗程都是为了满足病人的特殊需要而设计的，因此通常会要求你到治疗中心做一次初步的检查，以计划好你的疗程。放射肿瘤学家和放射治疗专家将这样做（结合x光和扫描，使用一种称为模拟器的机器）。您的皮肤将用彩色笔标记，以确定您将在哪里进行治疗。此外，一些微小的永久性标记将使用一种特殊的染料和一个微小的针孔。
这些标记将使辐射治疗师能够在每个治疗会议上识别正确的区域。如果为您提供了头壳，则指导标记将放在壳体上而不是皮肤上。
If you are having radiation therapy to your mouth and/or throat you will need a dental assessment at this stage as you may require some dental treatment before you start your radiation therapy.
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我必须住院吗？
If you are able to travel to the hospital for treatment there is usually no need for you to be admitted during the course. Most people are treated as outpatients, but your radiation oncologist will tell you if it would be better for you to be admitted.
我会在治疗期间进行任何测试吗？
在您的治疗过程中，您可能需要偶尔验血和/或尿液测试，具体取决于您的身体的部分被治疗。有些人在治疗过程中也有X射线和/或扫描，这是常规的一部分，无需担心。
Are there particular things I should or should not do during my course of treatment?
As far as possible throughout your treatment, try to lead a normal life - try to think of the radiation therapy as an interruption to your daily routine rather than as the most important part of your day. However, the following tips might help:
How is radiation therapy given?
Radiation therapy is given using either a machine called a linear accelerator or, for some skin tumors, a superficial x-ray unit. To receive the radiation therapy, you will lie on a couch under the machine, and be asked to remain still during the actual treatment.
Will the radiation therapy hurt?
No. The treatment is completely painless. Radiation cannot be seen or felt while it is being given.
Will the treatment make me radioactive?
No. There is no possibility of this whatsoever.
疗程持续多久？
一旦对您进行了适当的治疗，您的辐射肿瘤学家将告诉您这一旦得到了适当的治疗。根据许多因素，例如，课程可以持续到从单个治疗到五个治疗方法，这取决于许多因素，例如，六周。身体的一部分被治疗和治疗的目的。大多数治疗都在周一和周五之间进行。
每个处理会话有多长?
这从机器到机器时变化。有些机器以比其他机器更快的运行，而且还取决于为您制定的计划。治疗会议的长度可以是五分钟到十五分钟的任何东西。偶尔会议可能需要更长时间，但这将是以个人解释的。当您来到第一次治疗时，您的辐射治疗师将告诉您每个会话需要多长时间。
Do
- 在治疗期间每天喝大量的液体，如茶、咖啡、牛奶、果汁、水或汽水（最好是无糖的）。
- Eat regularly and try to keep a balanced diet. If you don’t feel like big meals, try eating little and often. The dietitian can help to plan a diet for you if necessary.
- 在治疗过程中，使用简单的肥皂或婴儿肥皂像平常一样清洗、淋浴或洗澡，小心地拍干治疗部位，而不是摩擦。
不要
- Drink spirits, eat spicy food or very hot or very cold food if you are having treatment to your mouth, neck or chest, but ask the radiographers if you would like more information.
- 在放射治疗过程中，将治疗部位暴露在阳光下，因为治疗部位更容易烧伤，需要一些时间才能愈合。今后最好总是涂防晒霜以避免晒伤。
- Put creams or deodorants on the treated area as these may worsen your skin reaction.
我可能有任何副作用吗？
Radiation therapy is a localized treatment, which means that any side effects will depend on the part of the body being treated. Although many people have few, if any, side effects, everyone reacts differently and during your treatment you may experience one or more of the following:
- Sickness:Depending on the part of your body being treated you may feel nauseous or be sick during your course of treatment. This does not happen to everyone. If you do feel sick, please tell your radiation therapist or nurse as it can be controlled by tablets or diet.
- Diarrhea:同样，根据您的身体的部分治疗，您可能会遇到一些腹泻。请告诉您的辐射治疗师或护士如果您可能需要腹泻缓解药物。营养师也会很高兴地建议您并在必要时帮助您使用饮食计划。
- 排尿频率：If you are having treatment to your lower abdomen/pelvis you may find that you pass urine more often and may experience discomfort when doing so. Drinking extra fluids will help, but try to avoid alcohol, tea and coffee as these can irritate your bladder. If this happens to you please tell the staff treating you, so that your urine can be tested for any infection,which could then be treated with appropriate medication.
- Sore mouth and throat: This only happens if you are having treatment to this part of your body. If it is likely to be a problem your radiation therapist or nurse will explain how to look after your mouth and throat, or give you advice on chewing and swallowing difficulties. This only happens if you are having treatment to this area. If it is likely to be a problem, your radiation therapist or nurse will explain to you how to look after your mouth and throat during treatment.
- Hair loss: Hair loss only occurs where treatment is given. For example you will only lose the hair on your head if your head is being treated, and if your chest is being treated, then you will only lose your chest hair. Whether or not it grows again will depend on how much radiation you have been given. Your oncologist will explain what this means for you. If your hair is expected to grow again, this should happen within a few months of the end of your treatment.
Can I carry on working?
If you feel you wish to carry on working, as long as your radiation oncologist reason why you should not continue with your normal daily course of treatment. However do ask if you need advice.
What will happen when the treatment is finished?
上述治疗的立即副作用将开始在课程结束时的一周内轻松放松。由于辐射治疗作品的方式，通常达到疗程的全部好处通常不会达到最后几周后的最后一个治疗会议。
我治疗后会有任何检查吗？
After your treatment, you will be seen again at the hospital you first attended or be referred back to your family doctor. The first follow-up is often about 4 to 6 weeks after the course has finished, and this appointment will be discussed with you before you finish at the treatment center. However, follow-up arrangements can vary from person to person and from centre to centre. Your radiation oncologist will explain to you how and where your follow-up appointments will be arranged.
Can radiation therapy cause permanent damage?
Radiation therapy treatment is planned and delivered with the utmost care, but sometimes sensitive parts of the body are damaged. This is because to treat the cancer effectively, it is sometimes necessary to use high doses of radiation, close to the limits that normal tissues can withstand. The bowel, bladder and nervous system are particularly sensitive, but other parts of the body can suffer long term changes.
If you are having radiation therapy aimed at killing your cancer cells, there is about a 5% possibility of side-effects which may seriously affect your lifestyle. However, it is important to balance this against the much higher potential risks to your life, from the cancer getting worse or recurring without the treatment. On the other hand, if you are having radiation therapy to shrink the tumour and/or relieve symptoms, then the much lower doses of radiation used are unlikely to cause any permanent damage.
If the radiation therapy treatment includes the gonads (ovaries in women, testicles in men) this will affect fertility and hormone function. It is important to discuss this with your oncologist before treatment begins.
如果您在未来的任何时间有任何困难，您认为可以与您的放射治疗有关，那么请随时与您的肿瘤学家或GP联系。如果在您的情况下存在任何特殊风险或问题，那么您的肿瘤科医生将与您讨论。请记住，您正在提供放射治疗，因为优势大大超过了风险。
直线加速器治疗图像
*Global Cancer Facts & Figures, 3rd Edition - American Cancer Society